Free CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 Practice Test

The correct answer is Bring your own device (BYOD). This model allows employees to use their personal devices to access corporate resources while maintaining the security of the company's data. The IT department will use MDM solutions to create a secure container for corporate data on personal devices. It enables the management of corporate applications and data without taking full control of the personal device, providing a balance between security and privacy. Corporate-owned, personally enabled (COPE) provides devices owned by the company to the employees, which doesn't apply here because employees are using their own devices. Choose your own device (CYOD) involves employees choosing from a list of approved devices provided by the company, which is also not applicable in this scenario. Lastly, Corporate-owned, business-only (COBO) is when the company owns the device and restricts it to business use only, which is not suitable for personal devices.

When a company uses a corporate owned, personally enabled (COPE) device policy employees are issued a mobile device that is owned by the company but is authorized to use the device for personal use in addition to business.

Managerial controls are designed to establish security policies, procedures, and guidelines within an organization. They help in the strategic alignment of security practices with business operations and in ensuring that organizational security objectives are met. They are essential for the governance of security within the company.

Technical controls, on the other hand, involve the use of technology to enforce security measures, such as firewalls and encryption. Operational controls are more about implementing and maintaining day-to-day security tasks. Physical controls include tangible measures like locks, biometrics, and surveillance systems.

A Load balancer is designed to distribute network traffic across multiple servers. This helps to ensure that no single server bears too much demand, thereby increasing the reliability and availability of the application. Failover is a process related to standby operational mode, where the functions of a system component (like a server) are assumed by secondary system components when the primary component becomes unavailable. However, it doesn't cater to distributing traffic during normal operations. Clustering does provide high availability but does not specifically distribute network traffic like a load balancer. Replication is a process of copying data from one location to another but does not pertain to traffic distribution or immediate high availability during peak loads.

A guideline is a general rule, principle, or piece of advice that is intended to advise or guide behavior within an organization. Guidelines are not mandatory or enforceable but serve to direct consistent security practices throughout an entity.

The correct answer is 'Shared Responsibility Model.' This model is essential in cloud computing as it clearly outlines what security controls are the responsibility of the cloud service provider and what controls are the responsibility of the customer. Understanding this division is key to maintaining security in a cloud environment.

Implementing load balancers helps distribute traffic across multiple server resources, thereby reducing the burden on any single server and improving the overall responsiveness and availability of the system during peak times or during a DDoS attack. Load balancers can dynamically add or remove resources based on demand, making them an ideal solution for handling unpredictable traffic patterns and enhancing system resilience. Redundant physical links, while useful for network resilience, do not directly address the load issues on application servers. Using a single powerful server is a risky strategy, because it creates a single point of failure and such servers still have limits to their capacity. Employing IDS/IPS systems and upgrading security software are important measures, but they do not primarily deal with load distribution.

The guidelines requiring employees to report suspicious behavior represent a directive control. Directive controls are policies, regulations, and guidelines that mandate specific actions or behavior to ensure compliance and enhance the security posture of an organization. The focus on behavior and reporting in this scenario aligns with the intention behind directive controls to guide user actions. The other options, while plausible, do not fulfill the purpose of directing specific actions. Technical controls involve technology and devices, deterrent controls aim to discourage but don't direct specific reporting actions, and physical controls involve tangible measures to secure assets, which do not include guidelines for behavior.

Single sign-on (SSO) is an authentication scheme that allows for the use of a single login/password to access multiple related, yet separate applications.

Key Escrow is not mandatory for all PKI implementations. It is an arrangement in which the keys needed to decrypt encrypted data are securely held so that, under certain circumstances, an authorized third party may gain access to those keys. However, the use of Key Escrow depends on the policies and requirements of the organization. In many cases, for privacy or security reasons, Key Escrow may not be implemented at all.

Geographic restrictions are a set of controls implemented to ensure that data does not leave a specific geographic area, which is essential for meeting data sovereignty requirements. This method allows organizations to comply with regional regulations by preventing the transfer of data across borders that could lead to legal and compliance issues.

RTOS are designed to handle real-time applications that require a deterministic response to events. The most critical aspect of securing an RTOS is ensuring the availability and timely processing of tasks, which can be crucial for safety and operational continuity in industrial environments. If tasks are not completed within the required time frame, it could result in system failures or hazards. Other answers, such as data leakage and physical tampering, although important for general security, are not as central to RTOS security concerns as availability and timely task execution.

An inline security device is placed directly in the path of the network traffic. It has the ability to actively block, permit, or modify the traffic passing through it based on the security policies in place, similar to how a checkpoint can stop or allow traffic in a roadway. In contrast, a tap (test access point) or monitoring device connects to a network segment but does not directly interact with the traffic flow; it merely duplicates the data for analysis, thus incapable of affecting the original traffic.

The correct answer is Hacktivist, as their primary motivation is often to promote political or social change, and they are known to deface websites to send a message. This type of activity is consistent with the observed unauthorized alterations containing political slogans without any financial gain or significant disruption of services, which diverges from the modus operandi of other threat actors like nation-states or organized crime groups.

TLS is the correct answer because it is the protocol specifically designed to secure transmission of data over the internet, ensuring the encryption of data, authentication of the server, and integrity of the transmitted data. SSL, while historically used for similar purposes, has been deprecated in favor of the more secure TLS. SSH is used for secure remote administration of systems, not for securing HTTP traffic.